FINANCIAL REGULATION AND GOVERNANCE IN CANADIAN HIGHER EDUCATION
Raili M. Pollanen
Carleton University
ABSTRACT
This study reviews financial regulation and governance structures in Canadian higher
education. As in many other countries, they have been affected by New Public Management (NPM)
and New Public Governance (NPG) movements, but to a lesser degree. Since the 1990s, funding
provided by Canadian provincial governments to universities has decreased steadily. This
shortfall has largely been covered by increased provincially controlled tuition fees. Greater
provincial regulation and oversight have resulted in large and expensive bureaucracies to control
a small and declining component of provincial expenditures. These initiatives could better be
justified as apparent legitimacy and accountability mechanisms to promote public trust and
confidence than bona fide mechanisms to improve service outcomes, management, and
governance. The existing bicameral shared-governance bodies are prone to slow decision making
and self-interested behaviours. There is a need to effectively balance institutional autonomy,
academic freedom, and accountability.
Keywords: Regulation, governance, control, funding, higher education, universities, Canada